Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)

Overview:

Pantothenic acid, also known as vitamin B5, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for synthesizing coenzyme A (CoA) and acyl carrier protein. These compounds are vital in fatty acid metabolism and energy production.

Sources:

Pantothenic acid is found in a wide variety of foods, including meat, eggs, whole grains, legumes, and vegetables. It is also available in supplement form, often included in B-complex vitamins.

Functions:

Energy Metabolism: Pantothenic acid is crucial for converting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into energy.

Synthesis of CoA: It is essential for the synthesis of coenzyme A, which plays a key role in the Krebs cycle, fatty acid metabolism, and the synthesis of essential lipids.

Skin Health: It helps maintain healthy skin and may improve wound healing.

Deficiency:

Deficiency is rare due to its wide availability in foods, but symptoms can include fatigue, irritability, numbness, muscle cramps, and digestive issues.

Toxicity:

Pantothenic acid is generally considered safe, with no known toxicity at typical dietary or supplemental levels. Extremely high doses may cause mild gastrointestinal distress.