Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)

Overview:

Vitamin B5, or pantothenic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin that is part of the B-complex vitamins. It is essential for the synthesis and metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Sources:

Pantothenic acid is found in almost all food groups, with particularly high amounts in eggs, fish, poultry, whole grains, and vegetables like broccoli and avocados.

Functions:

Coenzyme A Synthesis: Pantothenic acid is a precursor of coenzyme A, which is crucial for fatty acid metabolism and the Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle).

Hormone Production: It is involved in the synthesis of steroid hormones, vitamin D, and neurotransmitters.

Deficiency:

Pantothenic acid deficiency is rare due to its widespread availability in foods. When it does occur, symptoms can include fatigue, insomnia, depression, irritability, stomach pains, and upper respiratory infections.

Toxicity:

Pantothenic acid is considered safe even at high doses, with very rare reports of toxicity. Excess intake typically does not cause adverse effects due to its water-solubility and efficient excretion by the body.