Sodium

Overview:

Sodium is an essential electrolyte that plays a key role in maintaining fluid balance, nerve transmission, and muscle function.

Sources:

Sodium is commonly found in table salt (sodium chloride) and is present in many processed and prepared foods. It is also available in electrolyte supplements.

Functions:

Fluid Balance: Sodium helps regulate the balance of fluids in and out of cells, maintaining blood pressure and hydration levels.

Nerve Function: It is crucial for the transmission of nerve impulses and proper functioning of the nervous system.

Muscle Function: Sodium is involved in muscle contraction and relaxation, including the function of the heart.

Deficiency:

Sodium deficiency, known as hyponatremia, can lead to symptoms such as headache, confusion, nausea, fatigue, and muscle cramps. Severe hyponatremia can be life-threatening.

Toxicity:

Excessive sodium intake can lead to high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, and kidney problems. It is important to consume sodium in moderation and maintain a balanced diet.